Australia is the sixth largest country in the world but the smallest continent. The Australian Alps has the highest Australian mountain - Mt. Kosciusko. Many of Australian rivers are dry at least part of the year and fill with water only during the raining season. The Murray River is the longest flowing river. The second longest river is the Darling. There are three big lakes - Lake Eyre, Lake Torrens and Lake Gairdner - in western Australia and in Tasmania but most of then are dry too. It is a country of great variety. It is warm in December and cold in summer.
In 1770 James Cook of the British armada became explored this continent. The first white settlement was made up of about 750 prisoners. Density is very low - about 2 people to 1 square km.
Main industries are machinery, iron, steal, textiles, car and ship building. Australia is rich in mineral resources as mining, farming, coal, copper. Main agriculture products are wheat, fruit, sugar, cattle and wool.
Australia is a British dominion. The head of state is Queen Elizabeth II. Currency used in Australia is the Australian Dollar. Official language is English. The Commonwealth of Australia consist of 6 states and 2 territories. New South Wales (capital city is Sydney), Victoria (Melbourne), Queensland (Brisbane), South Australia (Adelaide), Western Australia (Perth) and Tasmania (Hobart). The Australian capital city is Canberra.
Canberra is the capital of Australia since 1997. It is also the seat of the Australian parliament. Thanks to its natural scenery and architecture Canberra is sometimes said to be one of the most beautiful capitals in the world.
Sydney is the largest city in Australia. It has ideal natural conditions. Among important places there is for example Opera house with its fascinating roof construction, skyscrapers, hotels, offices and restaurants. There are also many parks and botanical gardens in Sydney.
Melbourne is the capital of the state of Victoria and the second largest city in the Australia. Now it is a modern city with a well developed industry. You can see there a lot of modern skyscrapers, parks and botanical gardens.
New Zealand consists of 2 large islands - North and South Island - in Pacific Ocean. Both islands are hilly. Its population is about 3 million. Density is much high than in Australia. People live in industrial centres. Most inhabitants are a British origin. The first European was a Dutch navigator Abel Tasman. Captain James Cook explored the coasts in 1770. Now it is an independent member of the Commonwealth. Industries are textile, machinery but especially forest. Its rich in oil, iron, metal and gas. The capital city is Wellington (head of state is Queen Elisabeth II.).
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